Gum disease, also known as periodontal disease, is a condition that affects the gums and surrounding tissues that support your teeth. If left untreated, gum disease can lead to tooth loss and other serious health issues. Gum disease typically begins with gingivitis, which causes inflammation, redness, and bleeding gums. As it progresses, it can develop into periodontitis, where the gums recede, and the bone supporting the teeth deteriorates. Fortunately, gum disease can be treated and even reversed if caught early. Treatments range from non-surgical procedures like deep cleaning (scaling and root planing) to surgical interventions for advanced cases.